Programming Language Lineage Dataset

Name: Programming Language Lineage Dataset
Creator: Language Lineage
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

An open, evidence-backed dataset of programming language implementation and influence relationships. Every relationship includes a confidence score and at least one evidence source URL.

112 Total nodes

98 Languages

14 Tools

347 Relationships

Relationship Breakdown

Type	Count
influenced	189
compiler written in	78
runtime written in	56
bootstrap written in	14
transpiled to	8
rewritten in	2

Schema

Each language node contains: id, name, first_release_year, paradigm, typing, cluster_hint.

Each relationship contains: from_language, to_language, relationship, confidence (0–1), evidence_source (URL), notes.

Download

The raw dataset JSON is available at:

https://languagelineage.org/dataset/v4/lineage_v4.json

Citation

Language Lineage dataset (languagelineage.org). Accessed 2026.

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